![]() The actual reason for the fall of the Monarchy was probably a power struggle between the king and the leading aristocratic families. After the subsequent suicide of Lucretia, her husband, Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, and the Brutus family (to which Lucretia belonged) raised a rebellion. Eventually a group of senators led by Lucius Junius Brutus (another Etruscan nobleman) raised a revolt.The romantic reason traditionally given for the deposition of Tarquin was the rape of Lucretia by his son Sextus Tarquinius. Tarquinuius surname Superbus means something like "the haughty one" or "the proud".Īccording to Livy, a reign of terror followed, and many senators were put to death. Tarquin behaved like an autocrat and was not interested in consulting the senators, those obviously felt ignored. The heads of Rome's noble families had always been invited to give advise to the king. He irritated the people by the burdens he placed upon them. But on other matters Tarquinius was less politically astute. Tarquin concluded a treaty with Gabii, a town east of Rome. Tarquin was responsible for the building of Capitoline Temple (Jupiter Capitolinus) and the Cloaca Maxima, the sewerage system that discharged into the Tiber River. He continued with great vigor the work of extending the power of the city, and the founding of colonies by him was the beginning of Rome's path to supremacy of the world. ![]() The Latin cities recognized Roman leadership, and Tarquin added several towns to his kingdom. Its capital had some 35,000 inhabitants, its territory was some 800 square kilometers, and its zone of influence stretched as far as Circeii and Terracina - 90 kilometers to the southeast. Tullia had encouraged her husband to murder her father, so that Tarquin ascended to the throne.Īt the time his kingdom was one of the most powerful in Italy. Tarquin was married to Tullia, the daughter of Servius Tullius. ![]() Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) a descendant from an Etruscan family (he was the son of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus) was the legendary seventh (and the last) king of ancient Rome. The work of Accius appeared acceptable to the Roman historians Cassius Hemina and Calpurnius Piso, who invented the images, which had been created by Accius, to the Roman historiography.Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) King: 535 - 509 BC Many borrowings from the tragedies of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides were used to describe the «Roman Pelopidai». Accius represented the Tarquin clan on the model of the mythical clan of Pelopidai, the descendants of Pelops, Tantalus’ son. His tragedy «Brutus» in which the fall of the Tarquin house was depicted is especially important in this respect. The great interest of the Roman nobility in Hellenistic culture manifested itself, among other things, in the creative work of Lucius Accius, the poet who used Greek mythological personages to portray the Roman history. Therefore, the fall of the early monarchy in Rome was represented on the example of the banishment of the Peisistratid tyrannical family from Athens. Roman historians of the first half of the second century B.C used the accounts of Herodotus and Thucydides as a model to describe the transition from the Tarquin kingship to the Republic. The article argues the existence of two stages for the formation of the tradition about the Tarquins. For the description of the transition from the ancient kingship to the Republic, the second-century Roman historians adopted the Greek conception, according to which the tyrannical rule of the last king provoked a revolt against him. In this period, the Roman Republic struggled against the Hellenistic monarchs for the Eastern Mediterranean and ideologically opposed its own republican «freedom» to the monarchic «tyranism». This historical conception was created by the early Roman historians in the second century B.C. Junius Brutus became the founder of the Roman Republic. ![]() The last king Tarquinius the Proud and his sons were banished from Rome by the people, whose leader L. "According to the Roman historical tradition, the Etruscan Tarquin family ruled in Rome from the late seventh to the end of the sixth century B.C.
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